Exploring Indigenous Legumes of Indonesia: Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan) and Evaluating Its Impacts on Bone Tissue Structure in Female Rats
Cicilia Novi Primiani
Department of Biological Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas PGRI Madiun, East Java, Indonesia and Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Science, Universitas PGRI Madiun, East Java, Indonesia.
Rafaella Chandraseta Megananda
Department of Food and Agriculture Product Technology, Faculty of Agriculture Technology, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Titin Kuntum Mandalawati *
Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Health and Science, PGRI Madiun University, Madiun, East Java, Indonesia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: The aim of the research was to analyze isoflavone levels and the estrogenic potential of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) on bone tissue structure preclinically.
Study Design: Analysis of genistein and daidzein pigeon pea powder using the HPLC method. Preclinical tests were carried out using rat. 24 female white Sprague Dawley rats aged 8-9 months body weight at the start of treatment 150-180 grams. Rats were divided into 3 treatment groups. Control (P0), treatment given a solution of pigeon pea seed powder 24 grams: 24 ml of distilled water (P1), and treatment given a solution of pigeon pea seed powder 8 grams: 24 ml of distilled water. The solution administration treatment was for 36 days. On the 37th day, surgery was performed and blood and bones were taken. Blood 17 β were analyzed using the HPLC method. HE staining bone micro technique.
Result: Genistein and daidzein pigeon pea were 247.89828 µg/g and 188.61309 µg/g respectively. 17β-estradiol P0 level 237.231 pg/ml; P1 603.926 pg/ml P2 486.153 pg/ml. Increased proliferation of osteoblasts and fibroblasts in bone tissue structures.
Conclusion: Genistein and daidzein are isoflavone compounds found in pigeon pea seeds. Genistein and daidzein can increase 17β-estradiol levels. Pigeon pea seeds have the potential to act as natural estrogen.
Keywords: Pigeon pea, osteoblast, daidzein, genistein