Toxicity of Local Natural Ingredients from East Java, Indonesia Yam Bean (Pachyrhizus erosus) and Avocado (Persea americana Mill) on the Liver and Kidney Structure of Sprague Dawley Rats
Cicilia Novi Primiani
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Science, Universitas PGRI Madiun, Jl. Setia Budi 85 Madiun 63 118, East Java, Indonesia.
Joko Widiyanto
Department of Biological Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas PGRI Madiun, Jl. Setia Budi 85 Madiun 63118, East Java, Indonesia.
Rafaella Chandraseta Megananda *
Department of Food and Agriculture Product Technology, Faculty of Agriculture Technology, Gadjah Mada University, Jl Flora Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: The aim of the research was to test the toxicity of jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus) and avocado (Persea americana Mill) on the structure of liver and kidney tissue in Sprague Dawley rats.
Study Design: Male Sprague Dawley rats aged 5 months, 24 animals. Treatment of synthetic and natural ingredients. 6 treatment groups were given daidzein (P1), 6 treatment groups were given niacin (P2), 6 treatment groups were given jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus) (P3) and 6 treatment groups were given avocado (Persea americana Mill) (P4). Each treatment was carried out for 28 days. On the 29th day, surgery was performed and the liver and kidneys were removed, followed by HE staining.
Result: The results showed that the structure of liver and kidney tissue given daidzein and niacin experienced necrosis, increased vascularization, hemorrhage and fatty degeneration.
Conclusion: The use of natural ingredients does not produce toxic (harmful) effects in the body compared to synthetic substances. The percentage of kidney necrosis with daidzein administration is 24%, and with niacin administration, it is 29%. The percentage of liver necrosis with daidzein administration is 20%, and with niacin administration, it is 24%.
Keywords: Toxicity, natural ingridients, liver, kidney