Effect of Leaf Extract of Senna alata on Biochemical Indices of Wistar Rats Infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei
M. A. Kugama *
Department of Human African Trypanosomiasis Research, Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research, Kaduna, Nigeria.
T. Tese
Department of Vector and Parasitological Studies Research, Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research, Kaduna, Nigeria.
H. Sabo
Department of Human African Trypanosomiasis Research, Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research, Kaduna, Nigeria.
T. Andrew
Department of Vector and Parasitological Studies Research, Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research, Kaduna, Nigeria.
Y. A. Onaolapo
Department of Vector and Parasitological Studies Research, Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research, Kaduna, Nigeria.
O. G. Allen
Department of Vector and Parasitological Studies Research, Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research, Kaduna, Nigeria.
A. Agbo
Department of Vector and Parasitological Studies Research, Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research, Kaduna, Nigeria.
D. W. Danjuma
Department of Vector and Parasitological Studies Research, Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research, Kaduna, Nigeria.
A. M. Usman
Kaduna State Ministry of Health, Nigeria.
L. M. Umar
Department of Vector and Parasitological Studies Research, Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research, Kaduna, Nigeria.
P. J. Baji
Department of Vector and Parasitological Studies Research, Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research, Kaduna, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
This study was aimed at determining the effect of leaves of Senna alata extract on biochemical indices of Wistar rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Phytochemical screening revealed the absence of steroids in all extracts, absence of saponins in chloroform extracts and the presence of free anthraquinones only in chloroform extract. Post-infection treatment of animals stirred the emergence of parasitaemia by Day 3. Only animals receiving 200 mg/kg b.wt. of chloroform extract survived by day 16. A significant (P<0.05) decrease in ALT for groups receiving methanol (400 mg/kg b.wt.), chloroform and aqueous extracts and significant (P<0.05) increase in unconjugated bilirubin in the group receiving methanol extract (200 mg/kg b.wt.) compared to infected not treated rats. Significant (P<0.05) decrease in potassium concentration in groups receiving methanol and chloroform, and a significant (P<0.05) increase in sodium concentration in the group receiving 400 mg/kg b.wt. of aqueous extract compared to the infected not treated rats. These results thereby demonstrate the ameliorative potential of Senna alata leaves against T. brucei brucei.
Keywords: Trypanosomiasis, Senna alata, biochemical indices, parasitaemia, phytochemical.