Subchronic Toxicity Study of the Extract of Sacoglottis gabonensis (Baille) Urban (Humiriaceae) in Wistar Rats
Tra Bi Irié Otis *
Biochimical Pharmacodynamy Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Felix Houphouet Boigny University, P.O.Box 582, Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire and Superior Normal School Abidjan, Abidjan 08, Côte d’Ivoire.
Kouassi Kousso Brigitte
Laboratory of Physiology, Pharmacology and Pharmacopoeia, UFR-SN, University of Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire.
Gnangoran Boua Narcisse
Laboratory of Physiology, Pharmacology and Pharmacopoeia, UFR-SN, University of Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire.
Kone Mama
Laboratory of Physiology, Pharmacology and Pharmacopoeia, UFR-SN, University of Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire.
Yapo Angoué Paul
Laboratory of Physiology, Pharmacology and Pharmacopoeia, UFR-SN, University of Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Introduction: Sacoglottis gabonensis (Baille) Urban (Humiriaceae) is a medicinal plant used in the treatment of Buruli ulcer in Ivory Coast. To ensure its effect over a long period of use, the subchronic toxicity of the total aqueous extract of S. gabonensis stem bark (ETASg) in rats was evaluated.
Methods: 80 rats were homogeneously distributed in 4 lots of 20 rats each, including 10 males and 10 females. ETASg was administered daily orally for 90 days for 2 mL/100 g body weight (b.w.) rats at doses of 3.5; 35 and 350 mg/kg b.w. The control group received distilled water. A venous blood sample is taken every 30 days for 90 days to determine serum biochemical parameters.
Results: The study showed that ETASg did not influence serum biochemical markers at the therapeutic dose of 3.5 mg/kg b. w. significant increases in ASAT serum activity, ALT, PAL, and LDH in rats tested at 35 and 350 mg/kg b. w. was found on the 60th and 90th days. Administration of ETASg did not affect most of the metabolites and electrolytes studied at doses of 3.5; 35 and 350 mg/kg b. w. After 30 days of discontinuing oral administration of ETASg, the increase observed at the 350 mg/kg b. w. is moderate and reversible.
Conclusion: This study revealed that ETASg is nontoxic for biochemical parameters, at doses of 3.5; 35 and 350 mg/kg b. w. during 90 days of administration in rats.
Keywords: Sacoglottis gabonensis, subchronic toxicity, serum biochemical parameters, Buruli ulcer