Relevance of Chrysanthellum americanum (L.) Vatke Extracts in Rat Liver Protection
Samson Guenné *
Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Chemistry (LA.BIO.C.A), University Ouaga I Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 P.O.Box: 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Nabèrè Ouattara
Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Chemistry (LA.BIO.C.A), University Ouaga I Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 P.O.Box: 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso and University of Dedougou, BP 147, Burkina Faso.
Nâg-Tiero Roland Meda
Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Chemistry (LA.BIO.C.A), University Ouaga I Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 P.O.Box: 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso and Laboratory for Research and Education in Animal Health and Biotechnology, University of Nazi BONI, 01 BP 1091 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso.
Prosper T. Kinda
Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Chemistry (LA.BIO.C.A), University Ouaga I Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 P.O.Box: 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso and Laboratory of Forensic Sciences, General Direction of National Police, 01 P.O.Box: 22 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso.
Noufou Ouédraogo
Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IRSS/CNRST), Department of Medicine and Traditional Pharmacopoeia (MEPHATRA-PH), 03 P.O.Box: 7192 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Alin Ciobica
Department of Research, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, B dul Carol I, no 11, Iasi, Romania and Academy of Romanian Scientists, Splaiul Independentei nr. 54, sector 5, 050094 Bucuresti, Romania and Center of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, Iasi, B dul Carol I, no 8, Romania.
Adama Hilou
Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Chemistry (LA.BIO.C.A), University Ouaga I Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 P.O.Box: 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Martin Kiendrebéogo
Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Chemistry (LA.BIO.C.A), University Ouaga I Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 P.O.Box: 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Odile G. Nacoulma
Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Chemistry (LA.BIO.C.A), University Ouaga I Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 P.O.Box: 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: To assess the relevance of Chrysanthellum americanum (L.) Vatke extracts in rat liver protection.
Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Chemistry (LABIOCA), also in Laboratory of Department of Medicine and Traditional Pharmacopoeia (MEPHATRA-PH) of Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IRSS/CNRST) of Burkina Faso between July 2014 and August 2015.
Study Design: Polyphenolic extract of Chrysanthellum americanum- in vivo liver protection- in vivo liver intoxication- liver necrosis parameters analysis, histopathology analysis, in vivo and in vitro antioxidant assay.
Background: Chrysanthellum americanum L. (Vatke) is a medicinal plant well known for its flavonoids and saponins richness, but also for its strong antioxidant potential and use traditionally for liver disease treatment.
Methodology: In vivo, anti hepatotoxicity effects of Chrysanthellum americanum was evaluated using CCl4 as hepatotoxic agent. Also, acute toxicities were determined using standards methods, serum parameters of liver injury using Cypress Diagnostics kits and histopathology analysis using Mayer's haematoxylin- eosin-phloxine coloration method. For in vitro tests, malondialdehyde and thiobarbituric acid method were used in lipid peroxidation assessment and the ABTS method in Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity assessing.
Results: Result showed that the crude extract of C. americericum has a very low oral toxicity but, in intraperitoneal route this extract presented a high toxicity (LD50= 175 mg / kg of body weight). Histopathology micrograph indicated reduction in number of necrotic cells induced by CCl4. This beneficial action was confirmed by reduction in serum transaminases and malondialdehyde (22.68 ± 0.68 mmol MDA/ g of liver weight). In vitro antioxidant capacities, this plant extract presented a result of 35.01 ± 0.26 % and 42.01 ± 0.26 mg TE/ g respectively in LPO and TEAC.
Conclusion: Given our results, our research confirms that Chrysanthellum americanum extracts have in vivo physiological impact and benefits in traditional medicine for specific care of liver diseases.
Keywords: Hepatotoxicity, Medicinal plant, antioxidant, toxicity