Linking the Role of Biomarkers Network in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Cardiovascular Risk Development
Nema Ali Solimn *
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
Doaa Hussein Zineldeen
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
Noha Said Esheba
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) mortality risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major problem. This study was undertaken to highlight the role of biomarkers network in cardiovascular diabetic complications.
Methods: 45 sex and age-matched subjects were included; 15 healthy controls, 15 T2DM patients without history of CVD and 15 T2DM patients with CVD. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), fetuin A, interleukin-4 (IL-4), nitric oxide (NO), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) were analyzed.
Results: Upregulated expression of GDF-15 and increased levels of PAI-1, IL-4 and AOPPs were observed in T2DM patients when compared with normal control group with higher values were detected in T2DM patients with CVD. Meanwhile, fetuin A and NO levels were statistically lowered among diabetic patients.
Conclusions: PAI-1, IL-4, fetuin A, GDF-15, NO and AOPPs play potential roles in the development of CV complications in diabetic subjects; which may represent promising prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, cardivascular disease, fetuin A, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, growth differentiation factor 15, interleukin-4, nitric oxide